Composition for topical use



Patented July 13, 1937 PATENTjoF Ica IooMrosr'trrou FOR orrent. USE

William O. Maura-Stamford, 001111., assignorto US. Industrial, Alcohola., New York, N. Y.,

a corporation of West Virginia No' Drawing.

Application November Serial No. 51,479

.13 Claims. (c1. 167-90) The object of the invention is to provldeimproved astringent compositions for application to the human skin, moreespecially to inhibit or control perspiration. Such compositions may betermed deodorants. j

Unlike ordinary perspiration deodorizing "or inhibiting preparations,which are thin liquids, and usually aqueous solutions, the compositions,of this invention are semi-solid and strongly alcoholic. Consequentlythey do not spill like true liquids, they are convenient to use, and dryquickly. The compositions contain much alcohol, small amounts of wax andsoap, and a requisite amount of an astringent salt.

I havediscovered that excellentiproducts of this kind can be obtained ifcertain soaps, namely those of aluminum or zinc, are incorporated in ythe compositions; and that though thesesoaps are "substantiallyinsoluble in water and only slightly soluble in hot alcoholic media,they may be dissolved in a hot alcoholic. menstruum if either aluminumchloride or zinc chloride is present. Each of these salts is aneifective anti-perspiration astringent.

From the fact that hot solutions of the alcohol, the astringent salt andthe aluminum or zinc I soap, without the wax, remain liquidaftercooling, it is evident that these soaps arenot, in themselves,solidifying agents. With the wax, however, homogeneous masses of anydesired consistency ranging from creamy to firm and virtually solid areobtained. It may be that the soaps in question serve in some way asauxiliary solidifying agents, but their primary and important functionis to keep the wax, in the presence of the astringent salt, fromcrys'tallizing or sepa rating in such manner as to produce undesirablegraininess or roughness inxthe texture of the composition which is to beapplied tothe human body. The mechanism of theiraction may be that ofemulsifiers or protective colloids. In any event the compositionscontaining them are agreeable to use, and because the application issmooth and even, perspiration is more eflectively controlled and thereis littleor no disagreeable after-feeling on the skin. i 1

'Ihedifference between preparations containing aluminum or zinc soaps asmodifiers, and those containing only a wax, an astringent salt and analcoholic medium can be demonstrated by a microscopic examination. I

Under a magnification of about IOOdiameters, compositions of the typedisclosedin this invention are found to be substantially free ofaggragates of wax. On the other hand if the metallic soap is omitted',-asimilar inspection reveals the presence of a large number of waxparticles of varying sizes,- and'in some instances, having angularshapes.

Especially desirable compositions are had when 5 the soap is of the samemetallic radical as that contained in the astringent salt. Usableprodducts may be made, however, with a salt of one of the metallicradicals and a soap of the other radical. Soaps such as stearates,palmitates and oleates, and mixtures thereof, may be used.

A variety of waxes or waxy substances may be employed, such ascandelilla wax, carnauba wax,

,spermaceti and beeswax, either singly or in admixture with each other.T5

The term alcohol or alcoholic as used herein refers only to ethylalcohol and propyl alcohol l (normal or isopropyl) or mixtures of these.Where ethyl alcohol is given as a constituent it will be understood thatit maybe either the pure alcohol or alcohol denatured according to aformula approved for topical use.

The following examples illustrate the invention:

Example 1 c I 12 gms. of candelilla wax and 16 gms. of aluminum stearateare covered with a mixture of 108 cc. of absolute ethylalcohol denaturedaccording to some U. S. Government formula approved for topical use, and116 cc. of 91% (volume) isopropyl alcohol. 112.36 gms. of anhydrousaluminum chloride are now added gradually. 1After all the astringentsalt has been added the mixture is boiled under reflux, which preventsloss, until solution is effected. 0.7 cc. of perfume base is then added,and the mixtureis poured into containers to cool. The, resulting productis of smooth, firm, strong consistency, having a flow point of about131- 133 F., and resistant to shock. Notwithstanding the mechanicalrigidity of the system, portions of the composition can easily beremoved from the container by means of the fingers or otherwise forapplication to the skin. At body temperaure and under moderately briskrubbing the portions so removed liquefy readily, good penetration isobtained, and the application dries rapidly because of the evaporationof the alcohol. In the use of such a composition there need be no wastesince the nature of the material is such that the right amount may betaken from the container, applied directly and solely tothe skin areatobe treated and then rubbed in. Not only is the drying period very short,but there is littleor no need to rinse the treated area of the skin withwater. Finally,.the

of withstanding the shocks of shipment and the skin, so severely as dowater solutions of astringent deodorant's, nor does it attack theclothing so readily.

If in the foregoing example carnauba wax is used in like amount in placeof candelilla, a comparable substance is produced, though it may benoted that while the flow point of the composition with carnauba wax(about 170 F.) is materially higher than that of Example 1, the carnaubawax composition has less resistance to shock.

For firm, substantially solid products, capable temperatures of hotclimates, the water' content of the compositions 'should' be limitedwithin about 10% of the total weight and preferably within about 6%. Toomuch water weakens the structure and lowers the flow point, so that thestructure lacks solidity. On the other hand, for soft creams orfor'forms sufliciently flowable to bedispensed from collapsible tubes,more water is permissible.

Substantially or entirely, anhydrous compositions are made withanhydrous alcohol and the astringent salt i i anhydrous form. Some waterin the composition lessens darkening of the composition due to heatingof the wax and the action of aluminum chloride on wax. I

The astringent saltmay be used in either the anhydrous or the hydrated,form. In the followingexample hydrated aluminum chloride is employed.

. Example 2 1 Aluminum chloride (AlCl3,6HzO) 22.5 gms. Candelilla wax j12.0 gms.

Aluminum stearate 16.0 gms. Absolute(100%) ethyl alcohol 108.0 cc; 98%isopropyl alcohol... 108.0 cc;

' Of perfume base 0.7 cc.

These constituents may be all added at once, and are boiled under areflux until solution is effected, after which thefluid mixture is putin containers and allowed to cool and set.

While mixtures of ethyl and propyl alcohols seem to be preferable insome of the compositions, satisfactory results are obtained when all ofthe alcohol is ethyl alcohol or when all of it is propyl.

The quantities of the ingredients, soap (of aluminum or zinc), wax andastringent salt, always in minor proportions, maybe varied.

'More or less astringent salt'is introduced into the composition to giveeither a stronger or less pronouncedperspiration-inhibiting effect. Thesalt may be added up to, or even somewhat beyond, thelimit ofsolubility'in the menstruum.

In place of thmalumin'um stearate of these exif the insoluble soap andthe soluble salt have the 'same metallic radical.

Sufficient aluminum or zinc soap is added to inhibit to a" substantialdegree granulation of the wax.

7 Example 3 I 12 gms. of carnauba wax, 16 gms; zinc steara-te, 108 cc.absolute ethyl alcohol, 108-cc. 98% isop'ropyl alcohol,' and 22.5 gm'szinc chloride are boiled under reflux. The liquid mixture is poured intocontainers. When the'product sets, it is of firm, strong consistency,adapted for application to the skin in the manner that hasbeendescribed.

If in a composition'of the kind to which thispreparation does not hardenand irritate the um oxide has proved to be advantageous not only tocause the product to be lighter in color but also because it improvesthe texture and the physical effect of these compositions. When one ofthe compositions containing titanium oxide is applied, the skin and itshairs are left in much the same condition as if the surface had beendusted afterward with talc. Titanium oxide at about 2% of the totalweight makes very white an aluminum chloride composition of the kind towhich this invention relates.

I claim:

1. A composition for topical use, containing an astringent salt selectedfrom the group consisting of aluminum chloride and zinc chloride, a soapof one of these metals, wax, and a predominant amount of alcohol.

2. A composition for topical'use, containing an astringent salt selectedfrom the group consisting of aluminum chloride and zinc chloride, a soapof the same metallic radical as that contained in the salt, wax, and apredominant amount of alcohol.

3. A composition for topical use, containing aluminum chloride, aluminumsoap, wax, and a predominant amount of alcohol.

4. A composition for topical use, containing zinc chloride, zinc soap,wax, and a predominant amount of alcohol.

5. A composition for typical use, containing an astringent salt selectedfrom the group consisting of aluminum chloride and zinc chloride,candelilla wax, soap of one of the aforementioned 8. A composition fortopical use, containing aluminum chloride, carnauba wax, aluminum soap,anda predominant amount of alcohol.

9. A solid or semi-solid composition for topical use, containingaluminum chloride, candelilla wax, a soap of the group of metalsconsisting of aluminum and zinc, and a predominant amount of alcohol.

I 10. A solid or semi-solid composition for topical use, containingaluminum chloride, carnauba wax, a soap of the group of metalsconsisting of "aluminum and zinc, and a predominant amount of alcohol.

11'. A solid or semi-solid composition for topical use, containingaluminum chloride, aluminum stearate, candelilla wax, and a predominantamount of alcohol.

12. A solid or semi-solid composition for topical use, containing zincchloride, zinc stearate,

candelilla wax, and a predominant amount of alcohol.

ii 13. A solid or semi-solid composition for topical use, containingzinc chloride, vwax, sufficient zinc 'stearate to inhibit granulation ofthe wax, and a predominant amount of alcohol.

' WILLIAM C. MOORE.

